黨的十八大以來(lái),黨中央高度重視加強(qiáng)國(guó)際傳播能力和對(duì)外話語(yǔ)體系建設(shè)。作為黨中央直屬的理論工作機(jī)構(gòu),中央編譯局一項(xiàng)重要職責(zé)就是中央文獻(xiàn)的對(duì)外翻譯工作,這是對(duì)外話語(yǔ)體系建設(shè)的重要組成部分。中央編譯局擁有英文、俄文、法文、西文、日文、德文、阿文等多個(gè)語(yǔ)種的翻譯隊(duì)伍,多年來(lái)承擔(dān)了黨和國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人著作、全國(guó)黨代會(huì)、中央全會(huì)、全國(guó)人大、全國(guó)政協(xié)會(huì)議文件以及其他中央文件的翻譯工作,形成了嚴(yán)格科學(xué)的翻譯流程和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)規(guī)范的翻譯風(fēng)格,累計(jì)翻譯了上億字的中央文獻(xiàn),提出了許多重要術(shù)語(yǔ)的規(guī)范化譯法。
為進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)中央文獻(xiàn)對(duì)外翻譯工作,促進(jìn)已有翻譯成果的應(yīng)用和傳播,提高國(guó)際知曉率和認(rèn)同度,在光明日?qǐng)?bào)的大力支持下,我們將有計(jì)劃地發(fā)布“中央文獻(xiàn)重要術(shù)語(yǔ)譯文”,供國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)和人士以及國(guó)外關(guān)注我國(guó)改革發(fā)展的人士參考使用。對(duì)于其中一些特別重要的術(shù)語(yǔ)的譯文,我們還將撰寫(xiě)短文,介紹確定譯文的思路。限于篇幅,本欄目只刊登重要術(shù)語(yǔ)的英文譯文,俄文、法文、西文、日文、德文、阿文等其他語(yǔ)種的譯文,將在光明網(wǎng)、理論中國(guó)網(wǎng)及中央編譯局網(wǎng)站上同步發(fā)布。
這里所說(shuō)的重要術(shù)語(yǔ),是指中央文獻(xiàn)中出現(xiàn)的、具有重要意義并富有中國(guó)特色的概念和表述,既可以是單詞和詞組,也可以是其他表達(dá)方式,具有內(nèi)涵明確、富有特色、適于傳播等特點(diǎn)。這些術(shù)語(yǔ)是我們黨理論創(chuàng)新的重要成果,廣受?chē)?guó)際社會(huì)關(guān)注,亟須通過(guò)規(guī)范的翻譯提升其對(duì)外傳播的質(zhì)量和效力,以更好地為國(guó)際社會(huì)所了解和接受。
中央文獻(xiàn)重要術(shù)語(yǔ)的翻譯是黨和國(guó)家對(duì)外話語(yǔ)體系建設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)性工作,是提高國(guó)際傳播能力的支撐性要素,期望這些翻譯成果能夠得到更廣泛的應(yīng)用。同時(shí)也真誠(chéng)歡迎各界批評(píng)指正,以幫助我們不斷提高翻譯工作的水平。
中央文獻(xiàn)重要術(shù)語(yǔ)譯文
(2015年第1期)
編者說(shuō)明 首次發(fā)布的30條術(shù)語(yǔ)全部采自今年3月份召開(kāi)的十二屆全國(guó)人大三次會(huì)議重要文件,包括:《政府工作報(bào)告》《關(guān)于2014年國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃執(zhí)行情況與2015年國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃草案的報(bào)告》和《關(guān)于2014年中央和地方預(yù)算執(zhí)行情況與2015年中央和地方預(yù)算草案的報(bào)告》。在選擇術(shù)語(yǔ)時(shí),我們遵循了四個(gè)基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn):一是新提法、新表述,比如“‘四個(gè)全面’戰(zhàn)略布局”;二是富有傳播效力的表述,比如“有權(quán)不可任性”;三是專業(yè)性概念,比如“普惠金融”;四是中國(guó)特色的表述,比如“硬骨頭”。
中文/英文
“四個(gè)全面”戰(zhàn)略布局
【釋義】全面建成小康社會(huì)、全面深化改革、全面依法治國(guó)、全面從嚴(yán)治黨。
Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy
The Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy is to make
comprehensive moves to:
1) finish building a moderately prosperous society;
2) deepen reform;
3) advance the law-based governance of China; and
4) strengthen Party self-discipline.
“兩個(gè)一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)
【釋義】在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成立一百年時(shí)全面建成小康社會(huì),在新中國(guó)成立一百年時(shí)建成富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家。
Two Centenary Goals
The Two Centenary Goals are: to finish building a moderately
prosperous society in all respects by the time the Communist Party
of China celebrates its centenary in 2021; and to turn China into a
modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic,
culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time the People’s
Republic of China celebrates its centenary in 2049.
三期疊加
simultaneously deal with the slowdown in economic growth, make
difficult structural adjustments, and absorb the effects of previous
economic stimulus policies
雙目標(biāo)
【例】保持中高速增長(zhǎng)和邁向中高端水平雙目標(biāo)。
dual objectives
We must focus on achieving the dual objectives of maintaining a medium
-high rate of growth and moving toward a medium-
high level of development.
雙引擎
【例】打造大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新和增加公共產(chǎn)品、公共服務(wù)雙引擎。
twin engines
We need to develop twin engines –
popular entrepreneurship and innovation, and greater supplies of public goods and services –
to drive development.
新常態(tài)
【例】經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入新常態(tài),精神面貌要有新?tīng)顟B(tài)。
new normal
China’s economic development has entered a new normal,
meaning we must adopt a new mindset.
高壓態(tài)勢(shì)
【例】始終保持反腐高壓態(tài)勢(shì),對(duì)腐敗分子零容忍、嚴(yán)查處。
tough stance
Our tough stance on corruption is here to stay; our tolerance for
corruption is zero, and anyone guilty of corruption will be dealt with severely.
硬骨頭
【例】啃了不少硬骨頭。
tough issue
We tackled many tough issues.
攔路虎
【例】體制機(jī)制弊端和結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾是“攔路虎”。
tiger in the road
Institutional and structural problems have become “tigers in the
road” holding up development.
扶上馬、送一程
【例】中小微企業(yè)大有可為,要扶上馬、送一程。
give (sb) a leg up to get (sb) going
Medium, small, and micro businesses can accomplish great things.
We need to give them a leg up to get them going.
創(chuàng)客
【例】眾多“創(chuàng)客”脫穎而出。
maker
We have seen great numbers of makers giving expression to their
talents.
眾創(chuàng)空間
【例】發(fā)展眾創(chuàng)空間
maker space
develop maker spaces
中國(guó)制造2025
Made in China 2025 strategy
“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”行動(dòng)計(jì)劃
Internet Plus Action Plan
普惠金融
inclusive finance
稅收法定原則
principle of law-based taxation
保持戰(zhàn)略定力
maintain strategic focus
經(jīng)濟(jì)行穩(wěn)致遠(yuǎn)
maintain sustainable economic growth
強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)
strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and raise rural living standards
健康穩(wěn)定的大國(guó)關(guān)系框架
a sound and stable framework for major-country relations為
公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)搭好舞臺(tái)
level the playing field for fair competition
織密織牢民生保障網(wǎng)
develop a tightly woven and sturdy safety net
讓更多的金融活水流向?qū)嶓w經(jīng)濟(jì)
allow more financial resources to be channeled into the real economy
從制造大國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)向制造強(qiáng)國(guó)
transform China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality
加強(qiáng)國(guó)際傳播能力建設(shè)
improve our ability to communicate effectively with international
audiences
結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅和普遍性降費(fèi)
make structural tax reductions and cut fees across the board
精準(zhǔn)扶貧、精準(zhǔn)脫貧
take targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty
以釋放市場(chǎng)活力對(duì)沖經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力
invigorate the market to offset downward economic pressure
;尽⒍档拙、建機(jī)制
build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those
most in need, and make due institutional arrangements
有權(quán)不可任性
Power is not to be used arbitrarily.
。ㄆ渌Z(yǔ)種譯文請(qǐng)見(jiàn)光明網(wǎng)、理論中國(guó)網(wǎng)和中央編譯局網(wǎng)站)